OK this one was tough. On October 23rd 1944, the civilian government of the Philippines was formally reinstated at Tacloban, the island capitol, under President Sergio Osmena, who had replaced Manuel Quezon after his death. New question: What was the name of the Soviet Stalingrad Offensive?

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The soldier above all others prays for peace, for he must suffer and bear the deepest wounds and scars of war. General Douglas Macarthur