I don't think the Germans had a realistic chance to capture Moscow except during the winter of 1941. They could not launch Barbarossa any earlier than 22 June 1941 because the meteorological conditions in May was horrible. Too much rain and too much mud.

The Germans could not take Moscow in 1942 either. If they tried, they would have found themselves drawn to a slugfest with the bulk of Soviet strategic reserves as Stalin was convinced that the Germans were going to strike Moscow once more. Army Group South found such easy going during Blau partly because they were again attacking a weak point in Soviet defense.

For the actual Battle for Moscow as it happened in history, the Germans could not win. Guderian's Panzer Group had one battalion's worth of tanks left and it was the strongest tank formation in the Ost Heer.

Even if they captured Moscow, they would just have a more severely extenuated supply line. The Siberian divisions were ready, and the weather was even colder.