Could anyone be so kind as to shed some light on the matter? I am rather confused by the fact that the Chinese were still unable to launch any major counterattacks even by 1945.

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The first virtue in a soldier is endurance of fatigue; courage is only the second virtue. - Napoleon Donaparte

Civil unrest and Japanese occupation are a couple of reasons.

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The war against Russia will be such that it cannot be conducted in a knightly fashion. This struggle is one of ideologies and racial differences and will have to be conducted with unprecedented, unmerciful and unrelenting harshness. -Adolf Hitler

Stillwells biographers refer to a accusation that the nationalist governments policy was to conserve it offensive strength for fighting the Communits after the other allies had defeated Japan. Another claim is that the Chinese military leaders and their staff were not up to the task of organizing a large scale offensive. Stillwell had some unkind remarks along that line concerning the regiment and divsion commanders of the Nationalist corps that was sent to the Burma front.

I'll leave it to you to read those books and judge for yourself.

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There were alot of warlords during that period and they each had thier own fight to fight. Usually against each other. They were very uneducated also. Countries would send aircraft to them and they would bury them for safe keeping.
There also alot of opium use and that may have caused them to be kind of mellow toward making war. Usually the port cities.
Also they had a caste system like India and that made it hard to get anything done. The leaders were very poorly trained but if they were in the upper caste then they led and the underlings followed.
Lack of supplies is anouther reason. The China Burma theater was at the bottom of the list in the supply chain for both the British and Amercians.

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Chinese Army in WWII

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For the first time I have seen "History" at close quarters,and I know that its actual process is very different from what is presented to Posterity. - WWI General Max Hoffman.