"The architect Ezra Levin designed the shelter that gave Sir Edmund Hillary's 1961 Himalayan "Silver Hut" expedition its name; he was also a distinguished international authority who advanced the use of wood as a modern engineering material. To this day Levin's distinctive cylindrical, foam-insulated marine plywood Hut is a familiar sight to trekkers who use the base camp, at 14,600ft, of the Indian-run Himalayan Mountaineering Institute at Darjeeling, where the 22ft by 10ft box-sectioned structure was later re-erected. Hillary originally perched the silver-painted Hut at 19,000ft on the Mingbo Glacier below the summit of the mountain he and his team hoped to climb, Makulu, at 27,790ft the fifth highest in the world. They used the Hut both as sleeping quarters and as a laboratory for testing the effects of altitude on the human body. Levin, who was introduced to Hillary by a fellow architect and mutual friend, developed the design over six months in consultation with Hillary's scientific officer, Dr Griffith Pugh (obituary, Independent, 27 January 1995). He and Pugh consulted the designer Donald Gomme, originator of the celebrated 1950s G-Plan furniture and of the remarkable wooden frame of the De Havilland Mosquito combat aircraft. They rejected Hillary's initial idea that the hut should be made from wire netting and canvas, though Hillary later claimed that Levin's design had emerged from a sketch he, Hillary, had drawn. The Hut turned out to be "a wonderful home and workplace," as one expedition member declared. Held by wires from flying away, it proved itself a success that stood out from the expedition's many misfortunes. The climbers, who attempted to climb without extra oxygen, neither found the Yeti, as they had hoped to do, nor conquered Makulu. Hillary had a mild stroke, and others were taken ill with breathing problems. Even when they reached the neighbouring peak of Ama Dablam, at 22,300ft, the Nepalese government objected that they had not obtained permission, and Hillary had to go to Kathmandu to apologise. With the help of the Hut, however, much data was accumulated, and was hailed in reports as helping space research. Levin was introduced to the Queen in 1963 when she met the expedition members. Yet while this last quasi-imperial adventure was making headlines, the modest but cosmopolitan Levin, a talented painter and draughtsman who had qualified in the 1930s at the Sorbonne and the Ecole Supérieure des Arts Décoratifs in Paris, was exploring elements of European architectural progress that would stand Britain in better stead. His chosen medium was wood, his speciality architectural theory. For his own pleasure he had learned from Hungarian tutors in Paris how to make furniture. He now had the job he wanted, as Chief Architect of a small but influential research body, the Timber Development Association, based in High Wycombe, Buckinghamshire, and in the 1950s and '60s travelled widely to seek out the best new techniques. One in which he took a particular interest was the use of "glulam" – glued laminated wood, patented by Otto Hetzer in Weimar in 1905 – to produce elements such as beams and trusses for roofs and other large structures. These skills, he found, were now flourishing in the Netherlands, Belgium, Switzerland and Scandinavia after being lost to Germany when the slump of the 1920s had forced Hetzer's factory to close. Back in Britain Levin recommended that "attention should be given to some of the practices successfully employed on the Continent," and appeared in a television discussion programme, Wood: the First Plastic, in February 1970 on BBC2, describing ideas for multi-storey buildings and shell roofs. His own fascination with using wood on a grand scale had begun in the mid-1950s with a commission to design an examination hall for the University of Khartoum in Sudan, for which he chose to use the plentiful hardwoods of the surrounding region. Levin, who was born in Haifa, then in Palestine, had come to London in the late 1930s straight after qualifying to work as an architect's assistant, and was employed in a succession of firms through the war, when he also helped with fire rescue services and, whenever he could, drew pictures of bombed buildings. He was soon promoted and after running various offices was invited to Haifa, in Palestine (now Israel), to be City Architect and Town Engineer." http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/ezra-levin-architect-who-designed-the-silver-hut-made-famous-by-sir-edmund-hillary-and-championed-wood-as-a-modern-material-10394909.html
