Memorial for a Korean kamikaze pilot
Opponents try to block unveiling of memorial for a Korean kamikaze pilot¤
By HYUNG-JIN KIM
Associated Press Writer
SEOUL, South Korea (AP) _ For decades, Tak Kyung-hyun and 17 other Korean pilots who flew kamikaze missions for the Japanese in World War II have been widely viewed as traitors at home.
A half-century after his death, Tak's Korean hometown is looking to change that legacy with the first memorial in South Korea to a former kamikaze. But as the unveiling approaches, opposition is growing from conservative residents who still harbor strong resentment against Japan's brutal colonial rule of the Korean peninsula from 1910 to 1945.
The 16-foot-high (4.6-meter-high) stone memorial, now covered with a tarp, was scheduled to be unveiled in the southeastern city of Sacheon on Saturday, the eve of Tak's death 63 years ago. He died when his explosives-laden plane is believed to have crashed in the water short of a U.S. warship that was his target.
The project had attracted little controversy until a group of activists began demanding this week that the city cancel the opening ceremony, threatening to disrupt the event and take down the monument.
"He was a kamikaze, an aggressor," said Lee Sun-bok, head of a group opposed to the memorial.
But Hong Jong-pil, a South Korean historian working on the memorial project, said the pilots should be seen as victims of the colonial period. He cited recent studies finding they did not volunteer for their suicide missions but were pressured or forced.
"It's time to save those who have been lost in the black holes of history," Hong said.
Sacheon City official Kim Tae-ju said his office is trying to convince the activists that the purpose of the memorial is to console war victims. But it remained uncertain whether the unveiling would go ahead as scheduled.
Kim said Sacheon is concerned possible violence could trigger diplomatic tension with Japan. Dozens of Japanese officials, tourists and journalists are scheduled to attend the opening event.
The state-run Korean Tourism Organization is backing the memorial, which it plans to promote to Japanese tourists.
Of the 18 confirmed Korean kamikaze pilots _ other Koreans conscripted into the wartime Japanese military say there were probably more _ only one is believed to have survived, captured by the Americans.
The project's driving force is a Japanese actress who has long sought to foster friendship between Korea and her country.
"It's something the Japanese should do," said the 51-year-old actress, Fukumi Kuroda, who proposed the memorial and paid the bulk of the construction cost.
"I'm not beautifying kamikazes. I'm doing this for war victims," said Kuroda, who flew to Sacheon Thursday to meet city officials and the activists. "I'm confident I can persuade them."
Kuroda said the project was inspired by a dream she had in 1991 in which she met a former kamikaze pilot on the beach in southern Japan.
"He was smiling, telling me he was a pilot who died here. He said he didn't care about dying during a war but felt bad because he died under a Japanese name although he is indeed Korean," Kuroda said, speaking fluent Korean.
In 2000, Kuroda described the dream to the daughter of a former restaurant owner who had been a mother figure for kamikaze pilots on the southern Japanese island of Kyushu.
The daughter, Reiko Akabane, told Kuroda that the tall, dark-skinned man in her dream "must be Tak."
"Reiko said her mother especially cared much about him as he always came to the restaurant alone, stayed there quietly and looked so lonely," Kuroda recalled.
The mother, Tome Torihama, cooked the pilots' favorite foods, kept their farewell letters and gave them final hugs.
On the eve of his mission, the 24-year-old Tak visited the restaurant, jammed on his military cap and started singing Arirang, a popular Korean folk song on love and separation, "in the saddest tone they had ever heard," Kuroda quoted Akabane as saying.
Tak's family moved from Korea to Kyoto, Japan, in the early 1930s because of financial trouble at home, according to Kuroda and documents from Sacheon City Hall.
He landed a job in a pharmaceutical company after finishing college and was engaged to a Korean nursing student in Kyoto. But after she went to Korea to discuss the wedding date with her parents, she never returned, because her parents feared it was dangerous in Japan.
"Mom has always told me she drove Tak into becoming a kamikaze," said Jung Min-young, a daughter of the fiance, Kim Ok-hee, who eventually married another Korean man.
Figuring he would be drafted anyway, Tak entered a military academy in 1943 so he could become an officer and better support his family.
Until recently, his relatives said they refrained from talking about him with friends and neighbors.
Some called Tak "a fool" to her face, said a cousin, Tak Jeong-ae, but she felt she could say nothing to defend him.
The South Korean government has refused to designate Korean kamikazes as colonial-era victims, denying their survivors the right to state compensation.
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