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  <channel>
    <title>Eastern Europe October 1939 to  February 1943</title>
    <description>Ground, Air and Sea Warfare in Eastern Europe from the end of the 1939 Polsih Campaign to the End of the Stalingrad Campaign Feb, 1943.  Includes combat in the Balkans.</description>
    <pubDate>Sun, 16 Aug 2026 08:24:07 +0000</pubDate>
    <lastBuildDate>Sun, 16 Aug 2026 08:24:07 +0000</lastBuildDate>
    <generator>WWII Forums</generator>
    <link>http://ww2f.com/forums/eastern-europe-october-1939-to-february-1943.45/</link>
    <atom:link rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" href="http://ww2f.com/forums/eastern-europe-october-1939-to-february-1943.45/index.rss"/>
    <item>
      <title>The All But Forgotten Battles of Operation Barbarossa.</title>
      <pubDate>Sun, 15 Jan 2023 01:16:49 +0000</pubDate>
      <link>http://ww2f.com/threads/the-all-but-forgotten-battles-of-operation-barbarossa.77514/</link>
      <guid>http://ww2f.com/threads/the-all-but-forgotten-battles-of-operation-barbarossa.77514/</guid>
      <author>invalid@example.com (evilroddy)</author>
      <dc:creator>evilroddy</dc:creator>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[Operation Barbarossa began on June, 22nd, 1941. In most treatments of the Great Patriotic War/The War in the East Barbarossa is portrayed as a steady but sometimes delayed advance on Leningrad, Moscow and Kiev/Rostov with only Moscow holding back the juggernaut of German and other Axis invaders. However there were many great battles including one or two tank battles that were bigger than the alleged greatest clash of armour in the 1943 Kursk Salient, the Battle of Prokhorovka. Battles such...<br />
<br />
<a href="http://ww2f.com/threads/the-all-but-forgotten-battles-of-operation-barbarossa.77514/" target="_blank" class="externalLink" rel="nofollow">The All But Forgotten Battles of Operation Barbarossa.</a>]]></content:encoded>
      <slash:comments>10</slash:comments>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Russian WW2 interesting stats and facts</title>
      <pubDate>Wed, 06 Apr 2022 21:32:01 +0000</pubDate>
      <link>http://ww2f.com/threads/russian-ww2-interesting-stats-and-facts.4245/</link>
      <guid>http://ww2f.com/threads/russian-ww2-interesting-stats-and-facts.4245/</guid>
      <author>invalid@example.com (Kai-Petri)</author>
      <dc:creator>Kai-Petri</dc:creator>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[The military rank of Marshal of the Soviet Union, &quot;conferred personally by the Government of the USSR to the prominent and particularly distinguished persons from the Highest commanding staff&quot;, was established by a decree of Central Executive Comittee and Council of People&#039;s Comissars, September 22, 1935. The first five Marshals were, since November 20, 1935, People&#039;s Comissar of Defence Kliment E. Voroshilov, Chief of the (General) Staff of the Red Army Alexander I. Egorov and three...<br />
<br />
<a href="http://ww2f.com/threads/russian-ww2-interesting-stats-and-facts.4245/" target="_blank" class="externalLink" rel="nofollow">Russian WW2 interesting stats and facts</a>]]></content:encoded>
      <slash:comments>685</slash:comments>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Pavel Rychagov</title>
      <pubDate>Sun, 19 Dec 2021 19:51:25 +0000</pubDate>
      <link>http://ww2f.com/threads/pavel-rychagov.76442/</link>
      <guid>http://ww2f.com/threads/pavel-rychagov.76442/</guid>
      <author>invalid@example.com (Kai-Petri)</author>
      <dc:creator>Kai-Petri</dc:creator>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<b>Pavel Vasilievich Rychagov</b> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_language" target="_blank" class="externalLink" rel="nofollow">Russian</a>: Павел Васильевич Рычагов; 2 January 1911 – 28 October 1941)<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pavel_Rychagov#cite_note-surfcity-1" target="_blank" class="externalLink" rel="nofollow">[1]</a> was the Commander of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_Air_Forces" target="_blank" class="externalLink" rel="nofollow">Soviet Air Forces</a> (VVS) for a brief time from 28 August 1940 to 14 April 1941.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pavel_Rychagov#cite_note-Hooton_2010-2" target="_blank" class="externalLink" rel="nofollow">[2]</a>...<br />
<br />
<a href="http://ww2f.com/threads/pavel-rychagov.76442/" target="_blank" class="externalLink" rel="nofollow">Pavel Rychagov</a>]]></content:encoded>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Paulus flanks at Stalingrad</title>
      <pubDate>Sun, 05 Dec 2021 11:55:35 +0000</pubDate>
      <link>http://ww2f.com/threads/paulus-flanks-at-stalingrad.4313/</link>
      <guid>http://ww2f.com/threads/paulus-flanks-at-stalingrad.4313/</guid>
      <author>invalid@example.com (Daniel Jones)</author>
      <dc:creator>Daniel Jones</dc:creator>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[Who had operational control over the Rumanian formations on Paulus flanks at Stalingrad?  Was he ordered to place the Rumanians there or was it his own decision?<br />
<br />
Cheers,<br />
Daniel]]></content:encoded>
      <slash:comments>5</slash:comments>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>End of the Polish Army in Poland</title>
      <pubDate>Tue, 05 Oct 2021 11:54:14 +0000</pubDate>
      <link>http://ww2f.com/threads/end-of-the-polish-army-in-poland.76196/</link>
      <guid>http://ww2f.com/threads/end-of-the-polish-army-in-poland.76196/</guid>
      <author>invalid@example.com (Kai-Petri)</author>
      <dc:creator>Kai-Petri</dc:creator>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[October 6th 1939<br />
<br />
Battlegroup under General Franciszek Kleeberg surrenders after a 4-day battle around Kock;last major Polish Unit in the field.<br />
<br />
<b>Franciszek Kleeberg</b> (1 February 1888, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarnopol" target="_blank" class="externalLink" rel="nofollow">Tarnopol</a> – 5 April 1941 near <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dresden" target="_blank" class="externalLink" rel="nofollow">Dresden</a>) was a Polish general. He served in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austro-Hungarian_Army" target="_blank" class="externalLink" rel="nofollow">Austro-Hungarian Army</a> before joining the...<br />
<br />
<a href="http://ww2f.com/threads/end-of-the-polish-army-in-poland.76196/" target="_blank" class="externalLink" rel="nofollow">End of the Polish Army in Poland</a>]]></content:encoded>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Were the Objectives of the Case Blue Flawed?</title>
      <pubDate>Sun, 03 Oct 2021 23:50:10 +0000</pubDate>
      <link>http://ww2f.com/threads/were-the-objectives-of-the-case-blue-flawed.45324/</link>
      <guid>http://ww2f.com/threads/were-the-objectives-of-the-case-blue-flawed.45324/</guid>
      <author>invalid@example.com (Tamino)</author>
      <dc:creator>Tamino</dc:creator>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[Fundamentally, the Case Blue was focused to the oil. Preliminary offensives in the Crimea were aimed to protect Rumanian oil facilities from Soviet air attacks and even more important, the objective of the main thrust over the river Don was to put oil-rich region of Caucasus into the German hands. The first goal was easily attained but the second was flawed because the Germans haven&#039;t really understood the difference between holding oilfields and the efficient utilization of that important...<br />
<br />
<a href="http://ww2f.com/threads/were-the-objectives-of-the-case-blue-flawed.45324/" target="_blank" class="externalLink" rel="nofollow">Were the Objectives of the Case Blue Flawed?</a>]]></content:encoded>
      <slash:comments>44</slash:comments>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Zhukov's Tactic</title>
      <pubDate>Fri, 30 Apr 2021 04:52:14 +0000</pubDate>
      <link>http://ww2f.com/threads/zhukovs-tactic.14209/</link>
      <guid>http://ww2f.com/threads/zhukovs-tactic.14209/</guid>
      <author>invalid@example.com (Sturmkreuz)</author>
      <dc:creator>Sturmkreuz</dc:creator>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[When Germany invaded Russia and was gaining terrain, Zhukov made a new strategic Defense tactic which was very succesful.<br />
 <br />
1) German Army attacks the first Russian Defense Line<br />
 <br />
<img src="http://img175.imageshack.us/img175/5443/ztactic1zg0.png" class="bbCodeImage LbImage" alt="[&#x200B;IMG]" data-url="http://img175.imageshack.us/img175/5443/ztactic1zg0.png" /><br />
 <br />
2) The German Army attacks the first Russian Defense Line, when the German Army attacks, they &#039;retreat&#039; and go next defense line<br />
 <br />
<img src="http://img504.imageshack.us/img504/7521/ztactic2us7.png" class="bbCodeImage LbImage" alt="[&#x200B;IMG]" data-url="http://img504.imageshack.us/img504/7521/ztactic2us7.png" /><br />
 <br />
3) Then they retreat to the next Russian...<br />
<br />
<a href="http://ww2f.com/threads/zhukovs-tactic.14209/" target="_blank" class="externalLink" rel="nofollow">Zhukov&#039;s Tactic</a>]]></content:encoded>
      <slash:comments>32</slash:comments>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Battles of Rzhev?</title>
      <pubDate>Fri, 30 Apr 2021 04:20:43 +0000</pubDate>
      <link>http://ww2f.com/threads/battles-of-rzhev.29648/</link>
      <guid>http://ww2f.com/threads/battles-of-rzhev.29648/</guid>
      <author>invalid@example.com (Not One Step Back)</author>
      <dc:creator>Not One Step Back</dc:creator>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[its a hard topic to find info on. any good sources on the web you guys have, save me looking for a book (im reading too much at the moment!)<br />
 <br />
what campaigns were there?<br />
when were they?<br />
nature of fighting?]]></content:encoded>
      <slash:comments>5</slash:comments>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>The Great Patriotic War: 1939-1943</title>
      <pubDate>Fri, 23 Apr 2021 14:39:31 +0000</pubDate>
      <link>http://ww2f.com/threads/the-great-patriotic-war-1939-1943.70816/</link>
      <guid>http://ww2f.com/threads/the-great-patriotic-war-1939-1943.70816/</guid>
      <author>invalid@example.com (Comrade General)</author>
      <dc:creator>Comrade General</dc:creator>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<span style="font-size: 18px"><b>Life the Red Army: 1939-1940</b></span><br />
<br />
In 1939 the age for conscription in the Soviet Union was nineteen. The newest harvest of new recruits, born at the close of the Russian Civil War, was enlisted that September. Conscription was part of life. Unlike during the Empire, however, new recruits more commonly passed reading tests and identified their political leaders. The very best conscripts joined the rifle divisions of the People’s Commissariat for Internal Affairs, the...<br />
<br />
<a href="http://ww2f.com/threads/the-great-patriotic-war-1939-1943.70816/" target="_blank" class="externalLink" rel="nofollow">The Great Patriotic War: 1939-1943</a>]]></content:encoded>
      <slash:comments>322</slash:comments>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>How long to plan and execute a major maneuver?</title>
      <pubDate>Tue, 23 Feb 2021 02:26:54 +0000</pubDate>
      <link>http://ww2f.com/threads/how-long-to-plan-and-execute-a-major-maneuver.75550/</link>
      <guid>http://ww2f.com/threads/how-long-to-plan-and-execute-a-major-maneuver.75550/</guid>
      <author>invalid@example.com (the_diego)</author>
      <dc:creator>the_diego</dc:creator>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[From &quot;Panzer Leader&quot; I recall it took Guderian more than a week to convince OKH that he should swing south a part of Panzer Group Guderian (Army Group Center) to link with von Runstedt&#039;s Army Group South, thereby encircling Budeny&#039;s force of 600,000 at Kiev. Does it really take that long to make a major change in battle strategy? How long did it take the Germans to plan and implement the Kursk salient?<br />
<br />
Last how long before the opponent mounts a counter-attack?]]></content:encoded>
      <slash:comments>3</slash:comments>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Sevastopol...</title>
      <pubDate>Fri, 19 Feb 2021 15:25:08 +0000</pubDate>
      <link>http://ww2f.com/threads/sevastopol.4232/</link>
      <guid>http://ww2f.com/threads/sevastopol.4232/</guid>
      <author>invalid@example.com (CrazyD)</author>
      <dc:creator>CrazyD</dc:creator>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[The battle for Sevastopol...  Most fo the sources I&#039;ve read give the battle to take sevastopol relatively little attention.  But this one interests me.  For one, this battle was one of the few occasions where the germans were able to use many of their bigger guns (Gustav, Karl Mortars...).  From what I have read, the german attack lasted for only about a month before they were able to take the city- this seems suprising for a port city that was supposedly very heavily fortified.<br />
<br />
Anyone have...<br />
<br />
<a href="http://ww2f.com/threads/sevastopol.4232/" target="_blank" class="externalLink" rel="nofollow">Sevastopol...</a>]]></content:encoded>
      <slash:comments>57</slash:comments>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Red Army Summer Disaster of 1941. Why?</title>
      <pubDate>Wed, 13 Jan 2021 23:44:37 +0000</pubDate>
      <link>http://ww2f.com/threads/red-army-summer-disaster-of-1941-why.29860/</link>
      <guid>http://ww2f.com/threads/red-army-summer-disaster-of-1941-why.29860/</guid>
      <author>invalid@example.com (Artema)</author>
      <dc:creator>Artema</dc:creator>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[It&#039;s interesting to know what Western historians think about it.<br />
Soviet (=communist) historical science used to give to answers (both deceptive):<br />
1) Stalin believed that Hitler wouldn&#039;t attack.<br />
2) German army had overpowering superiority in people and weaponry.<br />
<br />
New Russian science has much more interesting and realistic explanations, and I shall write about it, but I also would ask my dear colleagues to be so kind and write their opinions first.]]></content:encoded>
      <slash:comments>47</slash:comments>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Operation Fredericus 1942</title>
      <pubDate>Wed, 13 Jan 2021 12:19:31 +0000</pubDate>
      <link>http://ww2f.com/threads/operation-fredericus-1942.4340/</link>
      <guid>http://ww2f.com/threads/operation-fredericus-1942.4340/</guid>
      <author>invalid@example.com (Kai-Petri)</author>
      <dc:creator>Kai-Petri</dc:creator>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[Operation Fredericus and 1942<br />
<br />
The Great Battle South of Kharkov - Operation Fredericus<br />
17th May 1942 <br />
<br />
Before the Summer Campaign had taken place, 6th Army of Paulus and<br />
1st Panzer Army of Kleist had captured the Sovjet Balakleya-Izyum<br />
salient near Kharkov. 1250 tanks and 2026 gunswere destroyed.<br />
The Soviets losing 239.000 men as prisoner alone and the Germans gaining<br />
a valuable area from which to begin the new offensive. The Soviets launched<br />
an attack towards Kharkov on the 12th May 1942,...<br />
<br />
<a href="http://ww2f.com/threads/operation-fredericus-1942.4340/" target="_blank" class="externalLink" rel="nofollow">Operation Fredericus 1942</a>]]></content:encoded>
      <slash:comments>10</slash:comments>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>The "Ribbentrop" pact 1939</title>
      <pubDate>Thu, 22 Oct 2020 13:30:57 +0000</pubDate>
      <link>http://ww2f.com/threads/the-ribbentrop-pact-1939.4288/</link>
      <guid>http://ww2f.com/threads/the-ribbentrop-pact-1939.4288/</guid>
      <author>invalid@example.com (Kai-Petri)</author>
      <dc:creator>Kai-Petri</dc:creator>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[Why did not the French and the British succeed in making a pact with Stalin.Probably many reasons but in the final meters something like this might be decisive...<br />
<br />
From Dmitri Vologonov´s Stalin 1989<br />
<br />
In August 1939 the British and the French military mission icluded names like Drax, barnett, Heywood, Doumenc, Valin and Vuillaume.<br />
<br />
Admiral Drax was recently made Naval Adjutant to the King and held the Tsarist Order of St Stanislav.Doumenc would become member of french Supreme Defence in...<br />
<br />
<a href="http://ww2f.com/threads/the-ribbentrop-pact-1939.4288/" target="_blank" class="externalLink" rel="nofollow">The &quot;Ribbentrop&quot; pact 1939</a>]]></content:encoded>
      <slash:comments>16</slash:comments>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Kiev a error?</title>
      <pubDate>Sat, 29 Aug 2020 07:08:59 +0000</pubDate>
      <link>http://ww2f.com/threads/kiev-a-error.4356/</link>
      <guid>http://ww2f.com/threads/kiev-a-error.4356/</guid>
      <author>invalid@example.com (Richard)</author>
      <dc:creator>Richard</dc:creator>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[Was Kiev an error should have the German forces stayed on course for Moscow well I am not sure but they may be a case?<br />
<br />
Was this the first big error in 1941? <br />
poor judgement?]]></content:encoded>
      <slash:comments>23</slash:comments>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Death of the 6th Army at Stalingrad</title>
      <pubDate>Mon, 10 Aug 2020 13:27:09 +0000</pubDate>
      <link>http://ww2f.com/threads/death-of-the-6th-army-at-stalingrad.74694/</link>
      <guid>http://ww2f.com/threads/death-of-the-6th-army-at-stalingrad.74694/</guid>
      <author>invalid@example.com (Class of '42)</author>
      <dc:creator>Class of '42</dc:creator>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[A string of photos showing the aftermath of the biggest disaster on the Eastern Front.<br />
<br />


	<a href="https://www.ww2f.com/attachments/33691/" target="_blank">View attachment 33691</a>
	
 

	<a href="https://www.ww2f.com/attachments/33693/" target="_blank">View attachment 33693</a>
	
 

	<a href="https://www.ww2f.com/attachments/33694/" target="_blank">View attachment 33694</a>
	
 

	<a href="https://www.ww2f.com/attachments/33696/" target="_blank">View attachment 33696</a>
	
 

	<a href="https://www.ww2f.com/attachments/33697/" target="_blank">View attachment 33697</a>
	
 

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	<a href="https://www.ww2f.com/attachments/33702/" target="_blank">View attachment 33702</a>]]></content:encoded>
      <slash:comments>32</slash:comments>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Add a caption</title>
      <pubDate>Thu, 16 Apr 2020 17:06:37 +0000</pubDate>
      <link>http://ww2f.com/threads/add-a-caption.74640/</link>
      <guid>http://ww2f.com/threads/add-a-caption.74640/</guid>
      <author>invalid@example.com (Class of '42)</author>
      <dc:creator>Class of '42</dc:creator>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<a href="https://www.ww2f.com/attachments/33581/" target="_blank">View attachment 33581</a>
	
 <br />
&quot;Look Major you have captured Stalin&#039;s son..der Füher wants a plane load of vodka and some hot Russian women in exchange for him&quot;.]]></content:encoded>
      <slash:comments>3</slash:comments>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Operation Mars controversy - Zhukov´s greaterst defeat ??</title>
      <pubDate>Thu, 13 Jun 2019 15:21:07 +0000</pubDate>
      <link>http://ww2f.com/threads/operation-mars-controversy-zhukov%C2%B4s-greaterst-defeat.54081/</link>
      <guid>http://ww2f.com/threads/operation-mars-controversy-zhukov%C2%B4s-greaterst-defeat.54081/</guid>
      <author>invalid@example.com (Bundesluftwaffe)</author>
      <dc:creator>Bundesluftwaffe</dc:creator>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[Whow I just found this you tube video anout Op. Mars in the end of 42. Probably most of you will be familiar with it.<br />
<br />
There were 2 opinions about the OP:<br />
<br />
a) It was only a diversionary op. to distract Germans from Op. Uranus (Stalingrad) also to prevent moving of reserves south.<br />
 B) Mainly D. Glantz claims that it wasn´t diversionary in the first place but only as a side effect, as Zhukov was obsessed with destroying AG Center (esp. Models 9th army). You can read his book about it. it is...<br />
<br />
<a href="http://ww2f.com/threads/operation-mars-controversy-zhukov%C2%B4s-greaterst-defeat.54081/" target="_blank" class="externalLink" rel="nofollow">Operation Mars controversy - Zhukov´s greaterst defeat ??</a>]]></content:encoded>
      <slash:comments>28</slash:comments>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Italian Involvement on the Eastern Front</title>
      <pubDate>Sat, 29 Dec 2018 02:27:07 +0000</pubDate>
      <link>http://ww2f.com/threads/italian-involvement-on-the-eastern-front.4330/</link>
      <guid>http://ww2f.com/threads/italian-involvement-on-the-eastern-front.4330/</guid>
      <author>invalid@example.com (Maverik)</author>
      <dc:creator>Maverik</dc:creator>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[Hi Guys, <br />
<br />
Can you help me?  What was the Italian involvement on the Eastern Front, throughout the War.  Where did they fight? what was their record like, I have read lots about the Romanians and the Germans poor opinion of them was this the same for any Italian Units that fought on the Eastern Front?<br />
<br />
Thanks in advance]]></content:encoded>
      <slash:comments>16</slash:comments>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Stalingrad Christmas poem</title>
      <pubDate>Tue, 13 Nov 2018 13:22:09 +0000</pubDate>
      <link>http://ww2f.com/threads/stalingrad-christmas-poem.71878/</link>
      <guid>http://ww2f.com/threads/stalingrad-christmas-poem.71878/</guid>
      <author>invalid@example.com (Hecke)</author>
      <dc:creator>Hecke</dc:creator>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[This is by far the best piece in my collection,ok,one of the best.<br />
Its an original christmas poem written in stalingrad december 6,1942 by georg beck,wich is still missing since today:<br />
<br />
Here is what he wrote:<br />
Christmas time, O feast of joy<br />
My heart is lifted with such happy memories,<br />
When the pealing of the bells in celebration<br />
Heralds its coming everywhere.<br />
How glorious it always was<br />
In our dear home with you, our loved ones,<br />
How different it is this year,<br />
The enemy intrudes on our peace....<br />
<br />
<a href="http://ww2f.com/threads/stalingrad-christmas-poem.71878/" target="_blank" class="externalLink" rel="nofollow">Stalingrad Christmas poem</a>]]></content:encoded>
      <slash:comments>7</slash:comments>
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